What Is Historical Criticism?

Biblical Historical Criticism

Background

Historical criticism developed among European Protestant scholars, especially in Germany, and became the dominant methodology for studying the Bible by the late 19th century. By the mid-20th century, it had been embraced by many Jewish and Roman Catholic scholars, and it continues to be used by a majority of scholars alongside other interpretive strategies.

Details

Historical critics seek first of all to be critical, in the way that reviewers try to evaluate a book, film, or a concert without prejudgment. In the study of the Bible, such an approach means understanding the Bible as a collection of works in many genres written by individuals in particular times and in particular places over many centuries. To interpret the Bible as a historical critic, then, is to look at it not as inspired and inerrant, but on its own terms as the words of various named and unnamed authors.

God's Favorites
God’s Favorites: Judaism, Christianity, and the Myth of Divine Chosenness
Michael Coogan

Reality, Experience & Wisdom

Reality is new

Each Moment New

There is never anything you experience in the moment that you have experienced before. It’s always a new arising.

Reality is always new – it is never still, never stops.

Wisdom Mind

A mind with wisdom takes reality as it’s object. It sees both concepts and underlying reality, and it isn’t fooled by how concepts try to present themselves as reality itself.

Relax & Be Aware
Relax and Be Aware

Sayadaw U Tejaniya

What Is The Experience Called Life?

Mystery of Life

Experience of Life

What is this experience we call life? It is a mystery. Look around you. Look at the room in which you are sitting. Look at the furniture. Notice the play of light and color. Be aware of your body. Note the thoughts and feelings that come and go. Life is just this – what we experience in each moment.

Mystery of Life

We don’t know where experience comes from or where it goes. We don’t know how we come to be here or what is going to happen after we die. We live and are aware – we experience thoughts, emotions, and sensations. That’s all we really know. Life is a mystery.

Wake Up To Your Life
Wake Up To Your Life
Ken McLeod

What Is Peace Of Heart?

Peace of Heart

Openness and Compassion

The peace of the heart isn’t emotional resignation, but an openness that meets the ever-changing world with compassion.

Caring without Controlling

With equanimity we can care for all things without trying to control them.

The Art of Forgiveness, Lovingkindness, and Peace
The Art of Forgiveness, Lovingkindness, and Peace
Jack Kornfield

Background on Jack Kornfield

Choosing Happiness

Happiness

Being Ourself

We can be happy right now, just as we are, in whatever circumstances we find ourselves. There’s nothing that needs to happen first for us to be happy. There’s nothing that needs to be added, subtracted or changed. We don’t need to be someone else.

Happiness isn’t something that’s only for other people. The capacity to be happy is in us already. It isn’t the sole right of special people with the right connections and right looks. Often, what blocks us most from being happy is the idea that we don’t deserve it. But deserving is only a concept. It’s not about deserving or not deserving. Happiness simply is!

Because happiness is always available, we can be happy right now. In fact, now is the only time we can be happy. The only time we can be alive is now. Now is when life is available. Happiness isn’t available in the past –  the past is gone. The source of happiness is the good and nurturing things around us and within us right now.

Concept of Happiness

The chief obstacle to our happiness is our concept of happiness. Above all, we tend to think certain conditions must be met for us to be happy. We think we can’t be happy until we meet certain life goals. Yet, this future-oriented thinking, instead of making us happy, becomes a reason for us to be unhappy now. And, if we aren’t happy now, the postponement of our happiness regresses into an infinitely receding future. We chase the horizon in endless anticipation and and continual frustration. We never get there, because we always hope to arrive there someday.

Rather than being about fulfilling certain conditions, happiness is about being receptive, about opening to what’s good in the present moment – here, and now. When we are receptive, we know every moment that wonderful healing and nourishing things surround us.

Underlying Joy

Since happiness is always available, the real question is whether we are available to happiness – joy is the underlying nature of things. We don’t have to manufacture it. We need only to remove the obstacles, including our unexamined concepts about happiness. When we learn to be available to happiness, the obstacles vanish. We immediately see that there’s already enough, right here and right now, for us to be happy.

Buddha's Way to Happiness
The Buddha’s Way of Happiness: Healing Sorrow, Transforming Negative Emotion, and Finding Well-Being in the Present Moment

Thomas Bien, Ph.D.